Sinkholes in White County, TN | Tennessee Sinkholes

You are here: / / Sinkholes in White County, TN | Tennessee Sinkholes

Sinkholes In:

Sinkholes in White County, TN | Tennessee Sinkholes

White County, TN Sinkhole Map

Sinkhole Count: 2967

White County, TN FAQs

White County, Tennessee

White County is a rural county in the central part of Tennessee, known for its beautiful natural surroundings, rich history, and friendly community. Here are some frequently asked questions about White County:

What are some things to do in White County?

White County offers a range of outdoor recreational opportunities, including fishing, boating, hiking, and camping. The county is home to several parks, including the popular Burgess Falls State Park, which features waterfalls, hiking trails, and picnic areas. Other attractions include the Cumberland Caverns, a network of underground caves and rock formations, and the historic Caney Fork River Gorge.

The county seat of White County is the city of Sparta, which is located in the center of the county. Sparta is home to several historic buildings, including the White County Courthouse, which dates back to 1846.

White County is home to 27k residents. According to US Census Bureau data; White County is showing modest growth (5.6%). There are a few signs of progress, including new businesses and infrastructure like water/sewer system improvements in 2017, highway improvements, and a large-scale broadband installation in 2020.

The cost of living in White County is generally lower than the national average–on par with most rural counties in the state. Overall housing costs, including the cost to buy a new construction home, is significantly lower than the national average. Affordable housing makes the area attractive for frugal families looking for good schools and outdoor lifestyles.

The majority of White County residents work in manufacturing, healthcare, and retail. Some of the major employers in the county include:

  • Highlands Medical Center
  • Oreck (Furniture Manufacturer)
  • Walmart

White County residents enjoy a moderate climate with warm summers and mild winters. However, the threat of seasonal storms can be significant. In the spring and summer, residents should be cautious of strong thunderstorms, tornadoes, and flash flooding due to the geography across the area.

Additionally, White County is made up of Karst topography–or a soluble rock base like limestone or gypsum, which introduces the possibility of sinkholes.

White County was founded in 1806. The area played a significant role in the Civil War and now includes several historical sites, including Rock House State Historic Site and the DeRossett House–built in 1807.

Additionally, White County is known for hosting several annual festivals and events that commemorate its rich history and vibrant culture. Here, you will find the Bluegrass Underground music festival and the notable White County Fair.

Overall, White County is moderately safe. The crime rate is above the national average, but the population density is comparatively low. The area is mostly rural, with significant terrain challenges which present unique hazards for local residents.

White County, like most of Tennessee, is prone to landslides, sinkholes, seismic activity, and flooding. The rock layers beneath the ground are both solid and soluble. This means that they don’t freely allow water to drain, causing an increased risk of flash flooding. But they also may erode over time, causing an increased risk of sinkholes.

Find Nearby Foreclosures

Powered by Foreclosure.com

Sinkholes in White County, TN

Tennessee’s karst landscapes create unique geological formations in the eastern United States. These areas, made of porous limestone, have been shaped by water over thousands of years. They are home to over 4,000 documented sinkholes statewide.

Recent studies show that White County is a hotspot for sinkhole activity. This is due to underground erosion patterns that match the Appalachian Plateau’s structure.

Technology has changed how we study sinkholes, starting in 2000. In 2013, digital elevation models were used, and in 2017, high-resolution LiDAR surveys were done. These found 347 sinkholes over three meters deep. Almost 40% of these are near cave systems, showing a link between surface and underground features.

The area has Tennessee’s deepest recorded sinkhole, reaching 261 vertical feet. This sinkhole, along with others like Hell Hole (122’), shows the complex water dynamics in the area. Most sinkholes are over 10 meters deep, making them a challenge for building.

Every year, on average, six new sinkholes are reported in the county. While most are in empty areas, their pattern is important for planning. Scientists are working to better predict where sinkholes will form by studying elevation and water flow.

Recent & Notable Sinkhole Incidents / Case Studies

White County’s karst terrain has seen many significant sinkhole events. These events have given us valuable insights into how sinkholes form. Three case studies show how our understanding of sinkholes in Tennessee’s limestone areas has grown.

Documented Sinkhole Events (2001-2021)

The 2015 Hell Hole incident is Tennessee’s most studied sinkhole event. Geological surveys found:

  • Vertical drop of 123 feet with twin collapse ponds
  • Underground waterfall system spanning 0.3 miles
  • Seismic activity measuring 1.8 magnitude during formation

In 2009, Cookeville’s floodplain analysis found 217 sinkholes using LiDAR mapping. This study showed:

  • 92% of collapses occurred near clay-rich soil interfaces
  • Average collapse diameter of 18.7 feet
  • 27% annual increase in new formations from 2005

Digital analysis has its limits. While visual surveys found 54,000 possible sinkholes, DEM technology confirmed only 21,365. This 60% difference shows:

  • Limitations in satellite-based identification
  • Importance of ground verification
  • Seasonal vegetation interference factors

Hydrogeological Impact Analysis

University of Tennessee studies found a link between sinkhole depth and groundwater contamination risks:

Depth Range Average Water pH Change Aquifer Impact Radius
0-30 ft -0.4 0.5 miles
31-80 ft -1.2 1.8 miles
81+ ft -2.1 3.4 miles

Deeper sinkholes speed up mineral leaching, with iron levels rising 470% in wells. Monitoring stations found nitrate spikes over EPA limits within 72 hours of major collapses.

Risk Factors & What Homeowners Should Do

Homeowners in White County’s karst regions face unique challenges. They need to take proactive steps. There are four risk levels based on sinkhole depth and how close it is to buildings.

Knowing these levels is key to managing properties in sinkhole areas.

Karst Terrain Hazard Mitigation

Ground-penetrating radar surveys are vital. They show what’s under the ground, like air pockets and soil changes near buildings. By analyzing drainage patterns, water flow can be steered away from weak spots in limestone.

Monitoring the ground for small changes can warn of instability. The USGS suggests checking properties near sinkholes every year.

Professional Assessment Protocols

The 2008 study by the Tennessee Department of Transportation sets standards for evaluating homes. Geotechnical engineers use core sampling and mapping to check the rock beneath. They look for cracks and weaknesses.

When a sinkhole appears suddenly, there are emergency steps to take. This includes turning off utilities and evacuating buildings. Tennessee law requires insurance companies to cover damage assessments if a report is submitted within 30 days.

Keeping an eye on foundation cracks and yard depressions is important. Homeowners should update their drainage maps and seek advice from experts. The state offers free access to sinkhole maps through the Tennessee Natural Hazards Information Portal.

FAQ

Why does White County have such significant sinkhole activity?

White County is in Tennessee’s karst corridor, known for its soluble limestone. This makes the ground erode quickly, leading to sinkholes like Big Sink and Hell Hole. A 2017 LiDAR survey found sinkholes near caves, showing a link between surface and underground voids.

What were the findings of the 2009 Cookeville floodplain sinkhole study?

The 2009 study found 217 sinkholes in White County’s floodplains using LiDAR. It showed sinkholes near buildings and infrastructure. This led to new rules for building and drainage to handle water risks.

How reliable are sinkhole detection methods in White County?

The accuracy of sinkhole detection depends on the method. Visual surveys found 54,000 possible sinkholes, but LiDAR in 2017 found 21,365 confirmed ones. TDOT suggests using LiDAR and radar together for accurate detection.

What immediate actions should homeowners take after sinkhole formation?

Homeowners should first evacuate the area. Then, call the authorities and take photos of the damage. They must also report the incident to TDEC. Insurance claims need a geotechnical evaluation to be approved.

How do sinkhole depths correlate with structural risks?

White County has a risk system based on sinkhole depth. Tier 1 (18-30ft) can cause foundation cracks. Tier 2 (31-60ft) might partially damage structures. Tiers 3 and 4 (61+ft) can lead to full collapse or groundwater contamination. The USGS recommends fixing properties near these risks.

What caused the 2015 Hell Hole sinkhole incident?

The 2015 incident was a 123′ deep sinkhole with ponds and a waterfall. It was caused by a layer breach. UT Knoxville found the sinkhole grew faster than before, showing quick weathering.

How does Tennessee law address sinkhole damage claims?

Tennessee law requires insurance to cover sinkhole damage under certain conditions. Claims need proof of damage and a licensed geologist’s report. They also need soil tests and surveys.
Sponser Ads
Skip to content